Work–Energy Theorem
The work–energy theorem states that the net work done on a body equals its change in kinetic energy — a direct route from forces to speeds.
The work is W = ½·m·(v_f² − v_i²). where m is the mass and v_i, v_f the initial and final speeds.
Take the change in kinetic energy.
Results
A positive result means net work was done on the body to speed it up; a negative value (braking) means energy was removed. It bypasses the detailed force history.